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225 W TEC Controller![]()
Fast Temperature Settling CAB4001 Different Connection Cables TED4015 ![]() Please Wait
Applications
Features
The TED4015 is a high-performance digital temperature controller designed to drive thermoelectric cooler (TEC) elements with currents up to ±15 A. It supports most common temperature sensors and can be adapted to different thermal loads. The TED4015 can be fully controlled via its robust, SCPI-compatible USB interface. The digital PID control offers an auto PID setting function or separate control of the P, I, and D parameters. The TED4015 boasts excellent temperature stability of 0.002 °C within 24 hrs, enhanced safeguard features, and error indicators, making this device ideal for cooling very sensitive devices where high stability, reliability, and precision is required. Compared to our TED200C Temperature Controller, the TED4015 offers a wider TEC current range plus additional features like full digital control, easy auto PID setting, constant TEC current mode, set temperature protection, TEC voltage measurement, and adjustable temperature window protection. The TED4015 also offers silent operation. For driver software, as well as programming reference guides for Standard Commands for the Programmable Instruments (SCPI) standard, LabVIEW™, Visual C++, Visual C#, and Visual Basic, please see the Software tab. Adaptability to Different Thermal LoadsThe TED4015 can easily be adapted to different thermal loads by a digital PID loop. The P (proportional) gain, the I (integral) offset control, and the D (derivative or differential) rates can be individually adjusted by the user or by the auto PID function. With optimum PID parameters, the settling time for a temperature change of 1 °C for a laser mounted in our LM14S2 Laser Diode Mount is less than 2 seconds. Supported Temperature SensorsThe TED4015 temperature controller supports almost all common temperature sensors. A sensor selection in the Temperature Control Menu allows the use of thermistors up to 1000 kΩ, the use of a temperature sensing IC (such as the AD590) or the use of platinum RTD sensors. The temperature can be displayed in Celsius, Fahrenheit or Kelvin. For thermistors, two temperature calculation methods can be selected: Steinhart-Hart or exponential. The maximum control range is -55 to 150 °C, limited by the rated temperature range of the connected sensor and thermal setup. Enhanced Security FeaturesThe TED4015 is designed for maximum TEC element protection and stable as well as reliable operation. An adjustable TEC output current limit prevents the controller from overdriving the TEC element. This limit can be set from 0.1 A to the current range of the controller. Adjustable temperature limits and the temperature window protection provide alerts if the temperature of the TEC element exceed certain values. The system indicates the presence of an incorrect or missing temperature sensor and a bad connection between sensor and controller by an LED on the TEC "On" key and an audible warning signal. The TEC current is automatically switched off if an error occurs. Temperature Monitor OutputThe TED4015 provides a monitoring signal proportional to the difference between actual and set temperature. An oscilloscope or an analog data acquisition card can be connected directly to the rear panel BNC connector to monitor the settling behavior with different thermal loads. Companion ProductsOur LDC200C Laser Diode Controllers are ideal companions for the TED4015. When combined with our TEC laser mounts, the TED4015 can achieve a thermal stability of 0.001 °C. This temperature stability is required for applications like laser diode wavelength tuning and atomic absorption cell spectroscopy. The TED4015 Ships with the Following Parts:
All technical data valid at 23 ± 5 °C and 45 ± 15% relative humidity TED4015 Front Panel
TED4015 Back Panel
TEC Output17W2 Mixed D-Sub Jack
Digital I/O Ports
Deviation OutBNC FemaleActual Temperature Deviation Output, -5 to +5 V Temp OK OutBNC FemaleTemperature OK Output (High if Inside Temperature Window), TTL 5 V Computer ConnectionUSB Type BUSB Type B to Type A Cable Included Ground
4 mm Banana Jack for Chassis Ground
CAB4000 TEC Element CableThis cable contains a DB-9 female connector on one side and a 17W2 male connector on the other side. Both views shown below are looking into the connector. ![]() DB-9 Female Connector ![]() 17W2 Male Connector
Sample Screens of the TED4000
Software for Laser Diode ControllersThe download button below links to VISA VXI pnp™, MS Visual Studio™, MS Visual Studio.net™, LabVIEW™, and LabWindows/CVI™ drivers, firmware, utilities, and support documentation for Thorlabs' ITC4000 Series laser controllers, LDC4000 Series laser controllers, CLD1000 Series compact laser diode controllers, and TED4000 Series TEC controllers. The software download page also offers programming reference notes for interfacing with compatible controllers using SCPI, LabVIEW, Visual C++, Visual C#, and Visual Basic. Please see the Programming Reference tab on the software download page for more information and download links. The software packages support LabVIEW 8.5 and higher. If you are using an earlier version of LabVIEW, please contact Technical Support for assistance. The TED4015 ships with the following components:
PID BasicsThe PID circuit is often utilized as a control loop feedback controller and is very commonly used for many forms of servo circuits. The letters making up the acronym PID correspond to Proportional (P), Integral (I), and Derivative (D), which represents the three control settings of a PID circuit. The purpose of any servo circuit is to hold the system at a predetermined value (set point) for long periods of time. The PID circuit actively controls the system so as to hold it at the set point by generating an error signal that is essentially the difference between the set point and the current value. The three controls relate to the time-dependent error signal; at its simplest, this can be thought of as follows: Proportional is dependent upon the present error, Integral is dependent upon the accumulation of past error, and Derivative is the prediction of future error. The results of each of the controls are then fed into a weighted sum, which then adjusts the output of the circuit, u(t). This output is fed into a control device, its value is fed back into the circuit, and the process is allowed to actively stabilize the circuit’s output to reach and hold at the set point value. The block diagram below illustrates very simply the action of a PID circuit. One or more of the controls can be utilized in any servo circuit depending on system demand and requirement (i.e., P, I, PI, PD, or PID). ![]() Through proper setting of the controls in a PID circuit, relatively quick response with minimal overshoot (passing the set point value) and ringing (oscillation about the set point value) can be achieved. Let’s take as an example a temperature servo, such as that for temperature stabilization of a laser diode. The PID circuit will ultimately servo the current to a Thermo Electric Cooler (TEC) (often times through control of the gate voltage on an FET). Under this example, the current is referred to as the Manipulated Variable (MV). A thermistor is used to monitor the temperature of the laser diode, and the voltage over the thermistor is used as the Process Variable (PV). The Set Point (SP) voltage is set to correspond to the desired temperature. The error signal, e(t), is then just the difference between the SP and PV. A PID controller will generate the error signal and then change the MV to reach the desired result. If, for instance, e(t) states that the laser diode is too hot, the circuit will allow more current to flow through the TEC (proportional control). Since proportional control is proportional to e(t), it may not cool the laser diode quickly enough. In that event, the circuit will further increase the amount of current through the TEC (integral control) by looking at the previous errors and adjusting the output in order to reach the desired value. As the SP is reached [e(t) approaches zero], the circuit will decrease the current through the TEC in anticipation of reaching the SP (derivative control). Please note that a PID circuit will not guarantee optimal control. Improper setting of the PID controls can cause the circuit to oscillate significantly and lead to instability in control. It is up to the user to properly adjust the PID gains to ensure proper performance. PID TheoryThe output of the PID control circuit, u(t), is given as ![]() where From here we can define the control units through their mathematical definition and discuss each in a little more detail. Proportional control is proportional to the error signal; as such, it is a direct response to the error signal generated by the circuit: ![]() Larger proportional gain results is larger changes in response to the error, and thus affects the speed at which the controller can respond to changes in the system. While a high proportional gain can cause a circuit to respond swiftly, too high a value can cause oscillations about the SP value. Too low a value and the circuit cannot efficiently respond to changes in the system. Integral control goes a step further than proportional gain, as it is proportional to not just the magnitude of the error signal but also the duration of the error. ![]() Integral control is highly effective at increasing the response time of a circuit along with eliminating the steady-state error associated with purely proportional control. In essence integral control sums over the previous error, which was not corrected, and then multiplies that error by Ki to produce the integral response. Thus, for even small sustained error, a large aggregated integral response can be realized. However, due to the fast response of integral control, high gain values can cause significant overshoot of the SP value and lead to oscillation and instability. Too low and the circuit will be significantly slower in responding to changes in the system. Derivative control attempts to reduce the overshoot and ringing potential from proportional and integral control. It determines how quickly the circuit is changing over time (by looking at the derivative of the error signal) and multiplies it by Kd to produce the derivative response. ![]() Unlike proportional and integral control, derivative control will slow the response of the circuit. In doing so, it is able to partially compensate for the overshoot as well as damp out any oscillations caused by integral and proportional control. High gain values cause the circuit to respond very slowly and can leave one susceptible to noise and high frequency oscillation (as the circuit becomes too slow to respond quickly). Too low and the circuit is prone to overshooting the SP value. However, in some cases overshooting the SP value by any significant amount must be avoided and thus a higher derivative gain (along with lower proportional gain) can be used. The chart below explains the effects of increasing the gain of any one of the parameters independently.
TuningIn general the gains of P, I, and D will need to be adjusted by the user in order to best servo the system. While there is not a static set of rules for what the values should be for any specific system, following the general procedures should help in tuning a circuit to match one’s system and environment. In general a PID circuit will typically overshoot the SP value slightly and then quickly damp out to reach the SP value. Manual tuning of the gain settings is the simplest method for setting the PID controls. However, this procedure is done actively (the PID controller turned on and properly attached to the system) and requires some amount of experience to fully integrate. To tune your PID controller manually, first the integral and derivative gains are set to zero. Increase the proportional gain until you observe oscillation in the output. Your proportional gain should then be set to roughly half this value. After the proportional gain is set, increase the integral gain until any offset is corrected for on a time scale appropriate for your system. If you increase this gain too much, you will observe significant overshoot of the SP value and instability in the circuit. Once the integral gain is set, the derivative gain can then be increased. Derivative gain will reduce overshoot and damp the system quickly to the SP value. If you increase the derivative gain too much, you will see large overshoot (due to the circuit being too slow to respond). By playing with the gain settings, you can maximize the performance of your PID circuit, resulting in a circuit that quickly responds to changes in the system and effectively damps out oscillation about the SP value.
While manual tuning can be very effective at setting a PID circuit for your specific system, it does require some amount of experience and understanding of PID circuits and response. The Ziegler-Nichols method for PID tuning offers a bit more structured guide to setting PID values. Again, you’ll want to set the integral and derivative gain to zero. Increase the proportional gain until the circuit starts to oscillate. We will call this gain level Ku. The oscillation will have a period of Pu. Gains are for various control circuits are then given below in the chart.
![]() These cables connect our TED4015 temperature controller or our ITC4000 series dual current / temperature controllers to thermoelectric cooling elements. We also provide loose 17W2 connectors for customers who wish to make their own cables. For the pinout of the CAB4000 cable, please see the Pin Diagrams tab. Please note that one CAB4000 cable and one CON4001 connector set are included with the purchase of a TED4015 benchtop controller. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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