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Compact Direct Drive Rotation Mount![]()
DDR25 Application Idea Ø1" Linear Film Polarizer in a CRM1 Rotation Mount and Ø1/2" Film Polarizer Threaded into the DDR25 Motorized Rotation Mount ![]() Please Wait
![]() Click to Enlarge The rear face of the rotation stage (shown) has four stationary tapped holes for 16 mm cage system rods. A 30 mm cage system can be continued from the back side of the stage by using an SP05 30 mm to 16 mm Cage Adapter Plate. Features
Thorlabs’ DDR25(/M) low-profile, direct-drive rotary mount provides continuous rotation of a load with a moment of inertia up to 70 kg•mm2 with a maximum rotation speed of up to 5.0 Hz (1800 °/s). An SM05 (0.535"-40) threaded central aperture allows an optical path to pass directly through the body of the mount and provides compatibility with Ø1/2" optical elements and Ø1/2" lens tubes. Components can be threaded into this bore from either side of the rotation mount. The DDR25(/M) has a 3-phase, slotless, brushless DC motor integrated directly into the frame of the stage. This eliminates all forms of mechanical transmission, resulting in high repeatability, rigidity and reliability. The winding design enables good velocity stability, even at low speeds, by eliminating torque ripple due to magnetic cogging. The optical encoder has a 4.3 µrad theoretical resolution and provides high accuracy and repeatability, while the precision-engineered bearings and tight manufacturing tolerances produce low axial wobble. An engraved graduated scale with 2° increments allows for coarse positioning. The mount is designed to be mounted vertically on a post using one of four 8-32 (M4) taps on the sides of the device. The rotating portion of the front face features four 4-40 tapped holes spaced for integration of 16 mm cage system assemblies and components, allowing for the rotation of a cage segment. The non-rotating portion of the front face also includes four 4-40 tapped holes spaced for use with 30 mm cage system components. The back of the device features four more 4-40 tapped holes for 16 mm cage system rods, but this portion of the cage remains stationary. A stationary 30 mm cage system can be continued on the back side of the stage using an SP05 30 mm to 16 mm cage adapter plate, as shown in the image to the right. The position of all of these tapped holes can be seen in the diagram below. The stage is driven by the KBD101 brushless DC controller (sold separately below), which provides very precise positioning through the stable closed-loop PID control system (see the PID Tutorial tab for more information). The controller ships with our Kinesis and legacy APT software packages for easy integration into an existing system. Power supplies for the K-Cube™ controller are sold separately (see below).
The cable attached to the DDR25(/M) rotation stage is terminated in a male 15-pin D-type connector. Pin details are given below.
Thorlabs offers two platforms to drive our wide range of motion controllers: our Kinesis® software package or the legacy APT™ (Advanced Positioning Technology) software package. Either package can be used to control devices in the Kinesis family, which covers a wide range of motion controllers ranging from small, low-powered, single-channel drivers (such as the K-Cubes™ and T-Cubes™) to high-power, multi-channel, modular 19" rack nanopositioning systems (the APT Rack System). The Kinesis Software features .NET controls which can be used by 3rd party developers working in the latest C#, Visual Basic, LabVIEW™, or any .NET compatible languages to create custom applications. Low-level DLL libraries are included for applications not expected to use the .NET framework. A Central Sequence Manager supports integration and synchronization of all Thorlabs motion control hardware. ![]() Kinesis GUI Screen ![]() APT GUI Screen Our legacy APT System Software platform offers ActiveX-based controls which can be used by 3rd party developers working on C#, Visual Basic, LabVIEW™, or any Active-X compatible languages to create custom applications and includes a simulator mode to assist in developing custom applications without requiring hardware. By providing these common software platforms, Thorlabs has ensured that users can easily mix and match any of the Kinesis and APT controllers in a single application, while only having to learn a single set of software tools. In this way, it is perfectly feasible to combine any of the controllers from single-axis to multi-axis systems and control all from a single, PC-based unified software interface. The software packages allow two methods of usage: graphical user interface (GUI) utilities for direct interaction with and control of the controllers 'out of the box', and a set of programming interfaces that allow custom-integrated positioning and alignment solutions to be easily programmed in the development language of choice. A range of video tutorials is available to help explain our APT system software. These tutorials provide an overview of the software and the APT Config utility. Additionally, a tutorial video is available to explain how to select simulator mode within the software, which allows the user to experiment with the software without a controller connected. Please select the APT Tutorials tab above to view these videos. SoftwareKinesis Version 1.14.25 The Kinesis Software Package, which includes a GUI for control of Thorlabs' Kinesis and APT™ system controllers. Also Available:
Thorlabs' Kinesis® software features new .NET controls which can be used by third-party developers working in the latest C#, Visual Basic, LabVIEW™, or any .NET compatible languages to create custom applications. C# For a collection of example projects that can be compiled and run to demonstrate the different ways in which developers can build on the Kinesis motion control libraries, click on the links below. Please note that a separate integrated development environment (IDE) (e.g., Microsoft Visual Studio) will be required to execute the Quick Start examples. The C# example projects can be executed using the included .NET controls in the Kinesis software package (see the Kinesis Software tab for details).
LabVIEW
The APT video tutorials available here fall into two main groups - one group covers using the supplied APT utilities and the second group covers programming the APT System using a selection of different programming environments. Disclaimer: The videos below were originally produced in Adobe Flash. Following the discontinuation of Flash after 2020, these tutorials were re-recorded for future use. The Flash Player controls still appear in the bottom of each video, but they are not functional. Every APT controller is supplied with the utilities APTUser and APTConfig. APTUser provides a quick and easy way of interacting with the APT control hardware using intuitive graphical control panels. APTConfig is an 'off-line' utility that allows various system wide settings to be made such as pre-selecting mechanical stage types and associating them with specific motion controllers. APT User UtilityThe first video below gives an overview of using the APTUser Utility. The OptoDriver single channel controller products can be operated via their front panel controls in the absence of a control PC. The stored settings relating to the operation of these front panel controls can be changed using the APTUser utility. The second video illustrates this process.
APT User - Overview
APT User - OptoDriver Settings
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Parameter Increased | Rise Time | Overshoot | Settling Time | Steady-State Error | Stability |
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Kp | Decrease | Increase | Small Change | Decrease | Degrade |
Ki | Decrease | Increase | Increase | Decrease Significantly | Degrade |
Kd | Minor Decrease | Minor Decrease | Minor Decrease | No Effect | Improve (for small Kd) |
In general the gains of P, I, and D will need to be adjusted by the user in order to best servo the system. While there is not a static set of rules for what the values should be for any specific system, following the general procedures should help in tuning a circuit to match one’s system and environment. In general a PID circuit will typically overshoot the SP value slightly and then quickly damp out to reach the SP value.
Manual tuning of the gain settings is the simplest method for setting the PID controls. However, this procedure is done actively (the PID controller turned on and properly attached to the system) and requires some amount of experience to fully integrate. To tune your PID controller manually, first the integral and derivative gains are set to zero. Increase the proportional gain until you observe oscillation in the output. Your proportional gain should then be set to roughly half this value. After the proportional gain is set, increase the integral gain until any offset is corrected for on a time scale appropriate for your system. If you increase this gain too much, you will observe significant overshoot of the SP value and instability in the circuit. Once the integral gain is set, the derivative gain can then be increased. Derivative gain will reduce overshoot and damp the system quickly to the SP value. If you increase the derivative gain too much, you will see large overshoot (due to the circuit being too slow to respond). By playing with the gain settings, you can maximize the performance of your PID circuit, resulting in a circuit that quickly responds to changes in the system and effectively damps out oscillation about the SP value.
Control Type | Kp | Ki | Kd |
---|---|---|---|
P | 0.50 Ku | - | - |
PI | 0.45 Ku | 1.2 Kp/Pu | - |
PID | 0.60 Ku | 2 Kp/Pu | KpPu/8 |
While manual tuning can be very effective at setting a PID circuit for your specific system, it does require some amount of experience and understanding of PID circuits and response. The Ziegler-Nichols method for PID tuning offers a bit more structured guide to setting PID values. Again, you’ll want to set the integral and derivative gain to zero. Increase the proportional gain until the circuit starts to oscillate. We will call this gain level Ku. The oscillation will have a period of Pu. Gains are for various control circuits are then given below in the chart.
Posted Comments: | |
CJ Lim
 (posted 2020-10-16 14:47:58.943) Hi, may I check the dynamic torque range for this DDR25?
Thanks!
CJ cwright
 (posted 2020-10-21 04:33:57.0) Response from Charles at Thorlabs:Hello and thank you for your query. Unfortunately this is not a specification we can currently provide. We will reach out to you directly to see if we can still assist with your application. Ryan Merrithew
 (posted 2020-08-19 12:33:47.933) Do you have an estimate for the Mean Time Between Failures on the mount?
I'm interested in an application where my optic will be left spinning for long periods of time. DJayasuriya
 (posted 2020-08-27 09:58:25.0) Thank you for your inquiry. The mean time failure would depend on couple of different factors. Usually the main factor being the bearings of the unit. We will get in touch with you directly to help with your application. FONG WAI LOON
 (posted 2020-07-12 21:54:57.6) Do you have a value for the minimum incremental motion? cwright
 (posted 2020-07-17 10:58:49.0) Response from Charles at Thorlabs: Thank you for your query. Unfortunately we do not specify a value for minimum incremental motion at this time. Jeff Chen
 (posted 2020-06-18 20:52:52.533) Hi,
The stage sometimes took about 15 minutes to find the home position. How to solve this issue? DJayasuriya
 (posted 2020-06-22 04:36:45.0) Thank you for your inquiry. We will get in touch with you directly to get this resolved. Scott Snider
 (posted 2020-01-08 18:10:49.38) This STEP file has errors in it. Doesn't import properly to NX12 AManickavasagam
 (posted 2020-01-29 03:49:24.0) Response from Arunthathi at Thorlabs: Thanks for your query. We have double checked the STEP file and looks like there are no errors and would most likely be to do with compatibility issues when trying to import to NX12. Looks like STEP files can be opened directly in NX12 just using the File→Open command and changing the “Files of type” filter: Select File→Import→STEP203, STEP214, or STEP242. I have also contacted you directly with the file types that could work. Emmanuel Mazy
 (posted 2019-10-23 05:25:19.853) What is the accuracy of the homing of the rotation stage ? cwright
 (posted 2019-10-23 09:17:17.0) Hello Emmanuel, thank you for contacting us. Unfortunately at this time we are not in a position to supply this specification but we are looking into providing it in due course. I will contact you directly to discuss your needs in more detail. moran5
 (posted 2019-02-21 20:27:03.613) I see the velocity stability is spec'ed at ± 2° for speeds between 0.5-5Hz. How about slower speeds? For example can this stage run at slower speeds, like 10°/sec (0.0277Hz)? If so what might be its stability? I assume it is good at you mention a PID control loop and an encoder. What say you? rmiron
 (posted 2019-02-28 05:51:19.0) Response from Radu at Thorlabs: Hello, Moran. From Kinesis, the minimum angular velocity that can be commanded is 0.01°/sec (~28μHz). Upon receiving such a command, the stage will rotate at an average of 0.01°/sec, but its velocity stability will be poor. Using low-level serial commands, you can order the stage to move at ~0.134 arcsecs/s (~103.5nHz). However, it is unlikely that the stage would move at all upon receiving such a command. We specify a 0.5-5Hz range because that is the range for which we can guarantee that the instantaneous velocity will consistently be within +/-2% of the demanded value. At 10°/sec we can no longer guarantee that, but we expect the instantaneous velocity to still be within +/-2% most of the time. Generally speaking, the lower the velocity, the poorer its stability. On a different note, you could try to improve velocity stability at lower speeds by decreasing the proportional gain or by increasing the derivative gain (at the expense of taking a longer time to reach target velocity). simon.neves
 (posted 2018-10-18 11:21:39.893) Can we integrate a mounted 0.5" zero-order HWP in this system ? I see that the real size of such a wave plate is 1", because of the mount. Could we think of an unmounted version that could be integrated in this motor ?
Thank you very much rmiron
 (posted 2018-10-19 10:49:53.0) Response from Radu at Thorlabs: Hello Simon. If your HWP has a total diameter of 1", then you cannot mount it directly. However, given our range of products, it is certainly possible to mount it with the aid of some adapters. I will contact you via email in order discuss what adapters would be necessary in your case. a.brash
 (posted 2018-10-04 16:11:21.837) Do you have a value for the minimum incremental motion? rmiron
 (posted 2018-10-05 05:18:47.0) Response from Radu at Thorlabs: Unfortunately, we don't have this specification at the moment. We are aware that it is an important parameter when deciding whether to purchase a rotation stage. Consequently, we are working on addressing this lack of information and the specification should be on the website shortly. I will contact you directly in order to provide more details. thomas.mattes
 (posted 2016-11-21 10:07:24.52) is a product like this with similar high rotation speed is available for bigger optical Diameters about 30 mm?
Best Regards
Thomas Mattes bwood
 (posted 2016-11-22 06:59:16.0) Response from Ben at Thorlabs: Thank you for your question. The DRR100 is a comparable rotation mount, which offers similar speeds (3Hz) with a SM1 threaded central aperture. This is the largest optic diameter, high speed mount we can offer, and it can be found on our website here: https://www.thorlabs.de/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=8184 user
 (posted 2016-06-27 04:14:53.113) In addition to the wobble, do you have the eccentricity error in micrometer? Thanks. tfrisch
 (posted 2016-07-01 03:23:18.0) Hello,
The radial run out is 12um. |
Thorlabs offers a wide variety of manual and motorized rotation mounts and stages. Rotation mounts are designed with an inner bore to mount a Ø1/2", Ø1", or Ø2" optic, while rotation stages are designed with mounting taps to attach a variety of components or systems. Motorized options are powered by a DC Servo motor, 2 phase stepper motor, piezo inertia motor, or an Elliptec™ resonant piezo motor. Each offers 360° of continuous rotation.
Rotation Mounts for Ø1/2" Optics | |||||||
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Item # | MRM05(/M) | RSP05(/M) | CRM05 | PRM05(/M)a | SRM05 | KS05RS | CT104 |
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Features | Mini Series | Standard | External SM1 (1.035"-40) Threads |
Micrometer | 16 mm Cage-Compatible | ±4° Kinematic Tip/Tilt Adjustment Plus Rotation | Compatible with CT1 Cage Translator Stage and 1/4" Translation Stagesb |
Additional Details |
Rotation Mounts for Ø1" Optics | ||||||||
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Item # | RSP1(/M) | LRM1 | RSP1D(/M) | DLM1(/M) | CLR1(/M) | RSP1X15(/M) | RSP1X225(/M) | PRM1(/M)a |
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Features | Standard | External SM1 (1.035"-40) Threads |
Adjustable Zero | Two Independently Rotating Carriages | Rotates Optic Within Fixed Lens Tube System |
Continuous 360° Rotation or 15° Increments |
Continuous 360° Rotation or 22.5° Increments |
Micrometer |
Additional Details |
Rotation Mounts for Ø1" Optics | ||||||
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Item # | LM1-A & LM1-B(/M) |
CRM1(/M) | CRM1L(/M) | CRM1P | KS1RS | K6XS |
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Features | Optic Carriage Rotates Within Mounting Ring | 30 mm Cage-Compatiblea | 30 mm Cage-Compatible for Thick Opticsa |
30 mm Cage-Compatible with Micrometera |
±4° Kinematic Tip/Tilt Adjustment Plus Rotation | Six-Axis Kinematic Mounta |
Additional Details |
Rotation Mounts for Ø2" Optics | |||||||
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Item # | RSP2(/M) | RSP2D(/M) | PRM2(/M) | LM2-A & LM2-B(/M) |
LCRM2(/M) | KS2RS | K6X2 |
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Features | Standard | Adjustable Zero |
Micrometer | Optic Carriage Rotates Within Mounting Ring | 60 mm Cage-Compatible | ±4° Kinematic Tip/Tilt Adjustment Plus Rotation | Six-Axis Kinematic Mount |
Additional Details |
Manual Rotation Stages | ||||||
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Item # | RP005(/M) | PR005(/M) | MSRP01(/M) | RP01(/M) | RP03(/M) | QRP02(/M) |
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Features | Standard | Two Hard Stops | ||||
Additional Details |
Manual Rotation Stages | ||||||
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Item # | XRNR1(/M) | XRR1(/M) | PR01(/M) | CR1(/M) | XYR1(/M) | OCT-XYR1(/M) |
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Features | Fine Rotation Adjuster and 2" Wide Dovetail Quick Connect |
Fine Rotation Adjuster and 3" Wide Dovetail Quick Connect |
Fine Rotation Adjuster and SM1-Threaded Central Aperture |
Fine Pitch Worm Gear | Rotation and 1/2" Linear XY Translation | |
Additional Details |
Motorized Rotation Mounts and Stages with Central Clear Apertures | |||||||
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Item # | DDR25(/M) | PDR1(/M) | K10CR1(/M) | PRM1Z8(/M)a | DDR100(/M) | ELL14 | HDR50(/M) |
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Features | Compatible with SM05 Lens Tubes, 16 mm Cage System, 30 mm Cage System |
Compatible with SM05 Lens Tubes, 30 mm Cage System, PD1(/M) Linear Stages |
Compatible with SM1 Lens Tubes & 30 mm Cage System |
Compatible with SM1 Lens Tubes, 16 mm Cage System, 30 mm Cage System |
Compatible with SM1 Lens Tubes, Open Frame Design for OEM Applications |
Compatible with SM2 Lens Tubes |
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Additional Details |
Motorized Rotation Mounts and Stages with Tapped Platforms | ||
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Item # | PRMTZ8(/M)a | ELL18(/M)b |
Click Photo to Enlarge |
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Features | Tapped Mounting Platform for Mounting Prisms or Other Optics | Tapped Mounting Platform, Open Frame Design for OEM Applications |
Additional Details |
Characterized by high-speed rotation and high-positional accuracy, the DDR25(/M) mount is well-suited for applications where there is a need to rotate components at high speed within a cage or other system. This mount is driven by the KBD101 brushless DC controller (sold separately below), which provides precise positioning through the stable closed-loop PID control system.
Thorlabs' KBD101 K-Cube™ Brushless DC Motor Controller provides local and computerized control of a single motor axis. It features a top-mounted control panel with a velocity wheel that supports four-speed bidirectional control with forward and reverse jogging as well as position presets. A backlit digital display is also included that can have the backlit dimmed or turned off using the the top-panel menu options. The front of the unit contains two bidirectional SMC trigger ports that can be used to read a 5 V external logic signal or output a 5 V logic signal to control external equipment. Each port can be independently configured.
The unit is fully compatible with our new Kinesis software package and our legacy APT control software.
Please note that this controller does not ship with a power supply. Compatible power supplies are listed below. Additional information can be found on the main KBD101 Brushless DC Servo Motor Controller page.
The KPS101 power supply outputs +15 VDC at up to 2.4 A and can power a single K-Cube or T-Cube with a 3.5 mm jack. It plugs into a standard wall outlet.
The KCH301 and KCH601 USB Controller Hubs each consist of two parts: the hub, which can support up to three (KCH301) or six (KCH601) K-Cubes or T-Cubes, and a power supply that plugs into a standard wall outlet. The hub draws a maximum current of 10 A; please verify that the cubes being used do not require a total current of more than 10 A. In addition, the hub provides USB connectivity to any docked K-Cube or T-Cube through a single USB connection.
For more information on the USB Controller Hubs, see the full web presentation.
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